Introduction microstrip antenna element has some advantages such as small dimensions, light weight, easy manufacturing, low cost, possibility of producing conformal antennas, high level of integration. A genetic algorithm was used to determine the patch length and width and feeding point in the design of a coaxially fed circularly polarized rectangular patch antenna 3. Use of genetic algorithms in the optimization of patch. We present optimizations of patch antenna arrays using genetic algorithms and highly accurate fullwave solu tions of the corresponding radiation. In this paper genetic algorithm has been used for optimization of inset feed rectangular, triangular and. Optimizations of patch antenna arrays using genetic algorithms. The mission consists of three satellites that will take measurements in earths magnetosphere. A novel pattern of fractal antenna deploying swastika slotted geometry up to second iteration is used for optimization in this paper which enhanced its utilities for sband. Dong school of physical electronics, university of electronic science and technology of china uestc, chengdu 610054, china abstractin this article, a genetic algorithm ga is employed.
Introduction microstrip patch antennas have been extensively used in many applications due to their low profile, ease of manufacture, and the possibility of integration with other circuits. Oct 17, 2015 optimization of insetfed microstrip patch antenna using genetic algorithm abstract. In the present work, a genetic algorithm has been used for size reduction in microstrip patch antennas and design tradeoff optimization between beamwidth and gain in helical antennas. A combined method of moment momgenetic algorithm ga numerical procedure for achieving mulitbandfrequency characteristics in patch antenna design is demonstrated in this paper. In addition the genetic algorithm will place restrictions on the driving point impedance of each element so that they are well behaved during scanning. The fitness function plays a vital role in the successful. It offers expert guidance to optimizing electromagnetic systems using. Introduction a patch antenna is a metallic strip or a patch mounted on a dielectric layer substrate, which is supported by a ground plane. Design and optimization of aperture coupled microstrip patch.
The optimization of gain of patch antennas using genetic. A modified circular patch antenna design has been proposed in this paper, the bandwidth of this antenna is optimized using the genetic algorithm ga based on fuzzy decisionmaking. Design and optimization of aperture coupled microstrip. In those situations, a closed form solution often does not exist and the solution space is very large. Design of broadband microstrip antenna utilizing genetic algorithm. The shape of a typical rectangular patch is modified in order to reduce it resonance frequency. Ga has been used to enhance the performance of microstrip patch antennas mpas by optimizing the bandwidth, multifrequency, directivity, gain, size 511 etc. A representative patch antenna design example for commercial wireless applications is detailed, which illustrates the versatility and applicability of the method. Optimization of the performance of patch antennas using.
In this paper, a genetic algorithm optimization in conjunction with the internal multiport method is applied for determination of slot shape and pin diode location in the ground plane for design of frequency reconfigurable patch antennas. Design of broadband patch antennas using genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithms in engineering electromagnetics ieee. It is based on the darwinian concepts of natural selection and evolution. Genetic algorithm ga is a popular optimization technique used in the design of performance improved microstrip patch antennas mpas. Section illustrates an overall presentation of the proposed platform forthedesignofarbitraryshape atantennas,while section discusses in short the concept of patch antennas. Cavity method, circular ferrite microstrip antenna, genetic algorithm, magnetically biased.
Genetic algorithms in antennas and smart antennas design. A nonuniformly spaced conformal array of microstrip patch antenna elements of length l, width w, and substrate thickness h. This procedure has been used in recent years to design a few antennas for missioncritical applications involving stringent, conflicting, or unusual design requirements, such as unusual radiation. A parallel electromagnetic geneticalgorithm optimization. In radio communications, an evolved antenna is an antenna designed fully or substantially by an automatic computer design program that uses an evolutionary algorithm that mimics darwinian evolution. Introduction microstrip patch antennas have been extensively used in many applications due to their low profile, ease of manufacture, and the possibility of integration with. Genetic algorithm optimization and performance comparative. Patch antenna, hfss, genetic algorithm, return loss, and directivity. The design of a broadband patch antenna is a good candidate problem for genetic algorithm optimizers because a large number of discrete and continuous and dependent parameters exist that are easily handled with gaoptimizers. Dong school of physical electronics, university of electronic science and technology of china uestc, chengdu 610054, china abstractin this. Optimization of insetfed microstrip patch antenna using. Recall that our antenna system consists of three sections, each containing eight complex weights i.
A patch antenna is thereby designed and the results were simulated to verify the resonating frequency against desired frequency, and the radiation pattern. Minimization of the number of diodes as switches is also considered. An example of an evolved antenna is an xband antenna evolved for a 2006 nasa mission called space technology 5 st5. The evolutionary algorithm optimizes the geometry of the micropatch antenna and 2d phased array parameters that will culminate in a single radio telescope. By an appropriate definition of cost function, the antenna can operate in different. Radio astronomy refers to the observation of celestial objects by observing their emissions within the rf bands of. Research article conformal patch antenna arrays design for. A method for reducing the size of microstrip patch antennas by up to 75% by removing rectangular and circular slots from the metal of the microstrip patch is. Eas have emerged as viable candidates for global optimization problems and have been attracting the attention of the research community interested in solving realworld engineering problems, as evidenced by the fact that very large number of antenna design problems have been addressed.
Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics focuses on optimizing the objective function when a computer algorithm, analytical model, or experimental result describes the performance of an electromagnetic system. Uduwawala4 1department of electronics, wayamba university of sri lanka, kuliyapitiya, sri lanka 2technology and intellectual property rights department, fractus, barcelona, spain. Mom application analyses rectangular patches fed by a coaxial probe and suspended over a ground plane. Genetic algorithm optimization for multiband patch antenna design. The radiating patch and the feed lines are usually photoetched on the dielectric substrate howell, 1975. Application of fuzzy genetic algorithm to the problem of. Groff 2004 ieee international symposium on antennas and propagation, monterey, california, june 2026. However, their narrow bandwidth and low efficiency are the major drawbacks. Impedance bandwidth optimization of double slots circular.
Implementation of the simple genetic algorithm sga this section describes our first optimization approach, which involves the implementation of a simple genetic algorithm sga. These organisms possess specific genetic material, which. Evolutionary algorithms applied to antennas and propagation. Nowadays, the patch antenna is a widely used antenna type in many applications such as cellular phones, pagers, satellite communication and missiles. This work uses genetic algorithms to optimize patch antennas and patch antenna arrays for a more versatile, robust, and accessible design of radio telescopes. Abstractin this paper, we describe an electromagnetic genetic algorithm ga optimization ego application developed for the cluster supercomputing platform. The algorithm is demonstrated on designing low sidelobe phase tapers, circularly polarized patch antennas, and identically thinned subarrays. Introduction evolutionary algorithm research attempts to imitate nature, where all living organisms exist in a given environment. A combined method of moment mom genetic algorithm ga numerical procedure for achieving mulitbandfrequency characteristics in patch antenna design is demonstrated in this paper. Cearl computational electromagnetics and antennas research. Effective patch radius expression obtained using a genetic algorithm for the resonant frequency of electrically thin and thick circular microstrip antennas.
Introduction microstrip patch antennas of all shapes are widely used in communication systems where their small size, conformal geometry and low cost can be used to advantage. Optimization of microstrip patch antenna using genetic algorithm. The antennas show the ability of the genetic algorithm to allow the designer to optimize an antenna for several different criteria at once, and to create new antennas with very little information from the designer other than general constraints and the desired performance characteristics. Ga optimization of highdirectivity microstrip patch antennas and miniature. In this work, a precise and effective approach is applied to calculate important parameters of n circular patch a tenna.
The applications discussed include the design of lightweight, broadband microwave absorbers, the reduction of array sidelobes in thinned arrays, the design of shapedbeam antenna arrays, the extraction of natural resonance modes of radar targets from backscattered response data, and the design of broadband patch antennas. In antenna design problems, the three most commonly used softcomputational algorithms are. Genetic algorithm ga has been a popular optimization technique used for performance improvement of microstrip patch antennas mpas. A dualband microstrip patch antenna was designed using genetic. In addition, fdtd models heterogeneous systems without costly matrix. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch antenna. A representative patch antenna design example for commercial wireless applications is detailed. Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics wiley online books. Patch antennas are cheap, simple, robust, inexpensive and compatible with mmic designs. Optimization of insetfed microstrip patch antenna using genetic algorithm abstract. Nonuniform overlapping method in designing microstrip patch. Genetic algorithm optimization applied to planar and wire.
A genetic algorithm usually encodes each parameter in a binary sequence called ii gene and places the genes in an array known as a chromosome. Design of the series fed microstrip patch planar array. Microstrip patch antennas have been extensively used in many applications due to their low profile, ease of manufacture, and the possibility of integration with other circuits. Research article nonuniform overlapping method in designing. Single patch antennas were investigated by many researchers. Genetic algorithm for geometry optimization of optical.
Genetic algorithms belong to a stochastic class of evolutionary techniques, whose. In this work, a precise and effective approach is applied to calculate important parameters of n circular patch a. Genetic algorithms and method of moments gamom for the. The optimization of gain of patch antennas using genetic algorithm. May 22, 2017 a novel pattern of fractal antenna deploying swastika slotted geometry up to second iteration is used for optimization in this paper which enhanced its utilities for sband. Genetic algorithms and method of moments gamom for the design of integrated antennas. Various existing optimization algorithms can come handy in this case and genetic algorithm which is one of the global optimization algorithms has been used widely in the past by antenna designers 4 for the optimization of the patch shape and size in order to achieve better overall performance of the antenna.
Using a microstrip feed avoids the bandwidth limitations of the probe fed patches. The design of a broadband patch antenna is a good candidate problem for geneticalgorithm optimizers because a large number of discrete and continuous and dependent parameters exist that are easily handled with gaoptimizers. Microstrip patch antennas of all shapes are widely used in communication systems where their small size. Most practitioners use the genetic algorithm technique or some variant thereof to evolve antenna designs.
To change the resonance frequency slots are added to the patch. Application of genetic algorithm for optimization of. Due to the recent availability of low loss, commercial microwave ferrites. In this study, genetic algorithm optimization gao method was used to design the shape of the patch, feed position, thickness of the dielectric substrate and the substrate material simultaneously in. This paper proposes a novel method for design of optimized insetfed patch antennas using genetic algorithm. A thorough and insightful introduction to using genetic algorithms to optimize electromagnetic systems. The application of genetic algorithm ga to the optimization of gains of rectangular and circular microstrip patch antennas are reported. Array thinning using genetic algorithm many array synthesis problems can be treated as optimization problems, especially for arrays with large apertures or complex geometries. Bandwidth of operation and radiation resistance using genetic algorithm ga. Keywords microstrip antennas, circular patch antennas, microwave circuit synthesis, global optimization, genetic algorithm 1. Military antenna design using simple and competent genetic. This thesis uses evolutionary optimization algorithms to optimize the much cheaper and rugged micro patch antennas in a phased array. The evolutionary algorithm optimizes the geometry of the micro patch antenna and 2d phased array parameters that will culminate in a single radio telescope.
Introduction microstrip patch arrays are used to obtain highdirec. Abstract the application of genetic algorithm ga to the. Genetic algorithm ga is a powerful optimization technique useful in a wide area of electromagnetics 8,9. The design of a microstrip patch antenna is proposed by optimizing. A highdirectivity microstrip patch antenna design by using genetic algorithm optimization jeevani w.
Genetic algorithm, geometry optimization, optical antennas. Optimization of swastika slotted fractal antenna using. Wide and multiband antenna design using the genetic algorithm to. Index termsantenna arrays, genetic algorithms gas, microstrip antennas, optimization methods, phased arrays. But the narrow bandwidth and low efficiency are the major drawbacks. In both the cases the fitness functions are developed. When using ga, the patch geometry is optimized by dividing the patch area into small rectangular cells. Swastika slotted fractal antenna has been designed and fabricated by the use of fr4 substrate material which has 1. This thesis uses evolutionary optimization algorithms to optimize the much cheaper and rugged micropatch antennas in a phased array. Jun 28, 2018 in this paper, a genetic algorithm optimization in conjunction with the internal multiport method is applied for determination of slot shape and pin diode location in the ground plane for design of frequency reconfigurable patch antennas. The design of a broadband patch antenna with greater than 20% bandwidth and a dualband patch antenna are presented as examples of the utility of gamom with dmm. Research article nonuniform overlapping method in designing microstrip patch antennas using genetic algorithm optimization j. Microstrip antenna optimization using genetic algorithms ieee.
Keywords directive antennas, genetic algorithms, linear antenna arrays, microstrip patch antennas, optimization. A simple design of multi band microstrip patch antennas robust to fabrication tolerances for gsm, umts, lte, and bluetooth applications by using genetic algorithm optimization. This has an inherent problem of adjacent cells being connected to each other with infinitesimal connections, which may not be achievable in practice due to. Ga analysis of parameters of magnetically biased microstrip.
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